Table 3

Factors associated with HIV-1 infection among the 3051 antenatal clinic attendees in Gulu, Kitgum and Pader districts (North Uganda)


Univariate analysis
Multivariate analysis




N
HIV-1 prevalence (95% CI)
P-value
Adjusted ORa (95% CI)
P-value

Age group (1)


0.022


     < 20 years
669
5.1 (3.5–7.0)

1

     20–24 years
952
8.9 (7.2–10.9)

1.96 (1.29–2.97)
0.002
     25–29 years
700
8.9 (6.9–11.2)

2.01 (1.30–3.11)
0.002
     ≥ 30 years
730
8.2 (6.3–10.5)

1.91 (1.23–2.97)
0.004
Internally displaced (1)


< 0.001


     Yes
2023
6.0 (5.0–7.2)

1

     No
1028
11.6 (9.7–13.7)

1.55 (1.15–2.08)
0.004
Education (2)


0.142


     Primary or lower
2534
7.6 (6.6–8.7)

1

     Secondary or higher
484
9.7 (7.2–12.7)

0.95 (0.66–1.37)
0.791
Occupationb (3)


0.023


     Traditional
2802
7.6 (6.6–8.6)

1

     Modern
203
12.3 (8.1–17.6)

1.07 (0.67–1.71)
0.767
Marital status (4)


< 0.001


     Married
1929
6.6 (5.5–7.8)

1

     Not married
1072
10.4 (8.6–12.3)

1.47 (1.06–2.04)
0.021
Age of partner (4)


0.008


     < 25 years
690
5.1 (3.6–7.0)

1

     25–34 years
1479
8.5 (7.1–10.1)

1.35 (0.83–2.20)
0.226
     ≥ 35 years
826
9.0 (7.1–11.1)

1.56 (0.85–2.87)
0.151
Occupation of partnerb (4)


< 0.001


     Traditional
1645
5.6 (4.5–6.8)

1

     Modern
1251
10.8 (9.1–12.6)

1.62 (1.18–2.21)
0.003
Parity (5)


0.027


     Primipara
778
5.9 (4.4–7.8)

1

     Multipara
2254
8.5 (7.4–9.7)

1.29 (0.83–1.99)
0.255

OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; numbers in brackets near the variable names indicate the hierarchical level assigned to each factor in multivariate analysis (from 1 to 5).

a OR adjusted for site of testing and all factors assigned to the same hierarchical level and those associated with HIV-1 infection at a P-level < 0.20 in the previous levels;b Traditional occupation: agricultural worker and housewife; modern occupation: clerk, business woman/man, professional, soldier, student and other.

Fabiani et al. Conflict and Health 2007 1:3   doi:10.1186/1752-1505-1-3